# STAGING

STAGING

Staging is required to document tumour size, location and disease extent, as well as to formulate a treatment plan and - facilitate discussion of  prognosis with the patient. Additionally , it is an important tool for comparative outcome reporting. The eighth edition of  the Union for International Cancer Control (UICC)/American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) tumour–node–metastasis (TNM) staging manual ( Table 53.1 ) has introduced changes in how oral cavity cancers are staged. The most significant updates for oral cancer are: (i) the inclusion of  depth of  invasion (DOI) as an element for determining the - T stage of  primary tumours and (ii) recognition of  extranodal extension (ENE) as a feature necessitating upstaging of  nodal disease. This recognition of additional negative prognostic ary factors in the eighth edition should allow improved stratifica - tion of  outcomes for patients. - 2 STAGING

Staging is required to document tumour size, location and disease extent, as well as to formulate a treatment plan and - facilitate discussion of  prognosis with the patient. Additionally , it is an important tool for comparative outcome reporting. The eighth edition of  the Union for International Cancer Control (UICC)/American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) tumour–node–metastasis (TNM) staging manual ( Table 53.1 ) has introduced changes in how oral cavity cancers are staged. The most significant updates for oral cancer are: (i) the inclusion of  depth of  invasion (DOI) as an element for determining the - T stage of  primary tumours and (ii) recognition of  extranodal extension (ENE) as a feature necessitating upstaging of  nodal disease. This recognition of additional negative prognostic ary factors in the eighth edition should allow improved stratifica - tion of  outcomes for patients. - 2