# Urethra

Urethra

Hypospadias occurs when there is failure of  the urethra to completely close on the ventral aspect and epispadias occurs when there is failure of  closure on the dorsal surface. A urethral diverticulum in a female can be a cause for recurrent UTIs and is notable for its capacity to fill and empty at cystoscopy . A urethral caruncle is a minor prolapse of  the urethral mucosa in a female and usually requires no treatment.