Search Results

B. Subcortical structures

Limbic system/ Papez circuit

Medial temporal structures

Basal Ganglia © SPMM Course  In right-handed people, the left hemisphere is mostly dominant. In 10% of right-handed people, the right hemisphere is dominant. Among left-handed people only about 20% are right hemisphere dominant, with 64% left hemisphere domin...

Thalamus © SPMM Course  They include striatum made of the caudate nucleus and putamen and pallidum made of globus pallidus. Putamen and globus pallidus are sometimes called lenticular/lentiform nucleus.  The subthalamic nuclei and the substantia nigra are bo...

Hypothalamus

C. Cerebellum

D. Brain stem and cranial nerves © SPMM Course Hypothalamus  The hypothalamus regulates physiological functions such as eating, drinking, sleeping, and temperature regulation.  The hypothalamus has chemoreceptors that respond to variations in glucose levels,...

E. Spinal Cord

F. Cerebrospinal fluid © SPMM Course VII Facial Both sensory and motor. Transmits taste sensation and controls facial muscles VIII Vestibular Transmits auditory sensation Cochlear Transmits balance sensation IX Glossopharyngeal Motor control of pharynx; parasy...

2. Blood supply to the brain

A. Major branches

B. Effect of lesions © SPMM Course 2. Blood supply to the brain A. Major branches The internal carotid artery enters the circle of Willis and divides to form the anterior cerebral and middle cerebral arteries. The anterior cerebral artery supplies the medial a...

3. White matter pathways © SPMM Course 3. White matter pathways There are 3 major types of white matter pathways. Projection fibers run vertically connecting higher and lower centres of the brain. Association fibers interconnect different regions within the sa...

4. Cell types in the nervous system

A. Cortical layers

B. Special neuronal cell types © SPMM Course 4. Cell types in the nervous system A. Cortical layers The human brain contains approximately 1011 neurons (nerve cells) and approximately 1012 glial cells. According to the distribution of the various types of neur...

C. Glial cells © SPMM Course the largest in the central nervous system, sometimes reaching 100 μm in diameter. Betz cells represent about 10% of the total pyramidal cell population in layer V of the human primary motor cortex. Stellate cells are found in layer...