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7. Motor symptoms

Catatonic symptoms: © SPMM Course 7. Motor symptoms Fish classified motor symptoms into a. Abnormal spontaneous movements: Tremors, Tics, chorea, athetosis and stereotypy noted in autistic spectrum disorders, hemi-ballismus, etc. b. Abnormal induced movement: ...

Non-Catatonic symptoms: © SPMM Course similar to thought blocking but occurs while carrying out motor acts. A patient with obstruction suddenly stops a motor act for no reason, without any warning. This may be demonstrated by asking the patient to move a part ...

8. Miscellaneous topics

Pathology of familiarity:

Memory and dissociation: © SPMM Course 8. Miscellaneous topics Pathology of familiarity: Déjà vu is the feeling of having seen or experienced an event, which is being experienced for the first time. The most consistent finding in the de´ja vu literature is tha...

Depersonalisation: © SPMM Course conversion symptom not delusional as the husband does not think he is pregnant! Pseudocyesis is a condition where a woman experiences clinical signs of pregnancy without being pregnant, and the patient is convinced of pregnancy...

Insight:

Phenomenology of epilepsy: © SPMM Course Desomatisation refers to depersonalisation that is localised to a body part. Deaffectualisation is an extreme form of anhedonia wherein not only pleasure but also the capacity to feel any emotion is consistently lost. I...

1. Defence mechanisms

How is a defence mechanism formed?

Mature defences: © SPMM Course Defence mechanisms Defence mechanisms are not descriptions; they are explanations for certain human behaviour and experiences. Hence they are a part of explanatory psychopathology. These defences operate both in normal individu...

Neurotic defences: © SPMM Course Painful event or sexual impulse Postponement of painful problems and feelings Intentional blocking of recall (this is NOT unconscious forgetting – contrast from repression) Neurotic defences: Neurotic defences act at the level ...

Narcissistic defences: © SPMM Course Repression Dissociation Information is stored in the unconscious in archaeological way – at various depths. Information is stored in a horizontal fashion; all units are equally accessible to retrieval. Motivated forgetting ...

Kleinian defences: © SPMM Course Kleinian defences: (SIPDOG – splitting, introjection, projective identification, denial, omnipotence, grandiosity) Splitting: It is seen most often in those with borderline personality. Here qualities of an object or person are...

Immature defences: © SPMM Course – Various parts of the self may be projected, with various aims: bad parts of the self may be projected in order to get rid of them as well as to attack and destroy the object, good parts may be projected to avoid separation or...

Defences and disorders © SPMM Course Defences and disorders Disorder Defenses commonly used Alcoholism Denial, rationalization Anorexia Denial, rationalization Borderline Splitting, idealization, denigration, projection, dissociation, acting out Depression Reg...

2. Dynamic models of the mind: