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Chapter 7 Notes & Notes for MRCP By Dr. Yousif Abdallah Hamad Chapter 7 Haematology&Oncology the hexose-monophosphate shunt pathway within the erythrocyte. Through this pathway, oxidizing agents are reduced by glutathione. The second and more important mechan...

Pages 1176-1200 Notes & Notes for MRCP By Dr. Yousif Abdallah Hamad • High total leucocyte count (TLC) leads to leucostasis and hyperviscosity drowsiness and retinal vein dilatation. • Blood film reveals white cells predominantly myeloblasts and promyelocytes...

Chapter 7 Notes & Notes for MRCP By Dr. Yousif Abdallah Hamad Chapter 7 Haematology&Oncology the best test for monitoring the patient while she is receiving Herceptin (trastuzumab)?  Three monthly echocardiogram Herceptin appears to be directly toxic to the...

Pages 1226-1250 Notes & Notes for MRCP By Dr. Yousif Abdallah Hamad  serious allergic reactions (including a rash over the whole body, shortness of breath, wheezing, dizziness, swelling around the mouth or eyes, fast pulse, and sweating),  alveolar hemorrhag...

Chapter 8 Notes & Notes for MRCP By Dr. Yousif Abdallah Hamad Chapter 8 Rheumatology (DAS28) of 1.2 points or more.  Repeat courses of treatment with rituximab plus methotrexate should be given no more frequently than every 6 months. • Side effects: risk of ...

Pages 1276-1300 Notes & Notes for MRCP By Dr. Yousif Abdallah Hamad Mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD) Definition • MCTD is an overlap syndrome characterised by combinations of clinical features of SLE, systemic scleroderma and polymyositis (e.g. arthralg...

Chapter 8 Notes & Notes for MRCP By Dr. Yousif Abdallah Hamad Chapter 8 Rheumatology Reactive arthritis (Reiter syndrome) • Reactive arthritis is defined as an arthritis that develops following an infection where the organism cannot be recovered from the join...

Pages 1326-1350 Notes & Notes for MRCP By Dr. Yousif Abdallah Hamad  This is a well-defined oval to round plaque that fails to meet the criteria for generalised morphea. generalized morphea, linear morphea pansclerotic morphea Pathophysiology • autoimmune ...

Chapter 8 Notes & Notes for MRCP By Dr. Yousif Abdallah Hamad Chapter 8 Rheumatology Ledderhose disease is involvement of the plantar fascia by a similar process of nodule and cord formation leading to contraction of the toes. Baker cyst Look for a patient wi...

Pages 1376-1400 Notes & Notes for MRCP By Dr. Yousif Abdallah Hamad September 2010 exam. A 57-year-old female presents with headache, fever, neck stiffness with a positive Kernig's sign. CSF culture: Gram positive bacilli. What is the most likely causative org...

Chapter 9 Notes & Notes for MRCP By Dr. Yousif Abdallah Hamad Chapter 9 Infectious diseases Complications • pneumonia, seizures, and encephalopathy • A rare complication is a hemiseizure-hemiplegia syndrome, which is thought to be related to post-immunisation ...

Pages 1426-1450 Notes & Notes for MRCP By Dr. Yousif Abdallah Hamad HIV: diarrhoea Supportive therapy is the mainstay of treatment in Cryptosporidium diarrhoea • Diarrhoea is common in patients with HIV. Causes • Infection, may be due to the effects of the vi...

Chapter 9 Notes & Notes for MRCP By Dr. Yousif Abdallah Hamad Chapter 9 Infectious diseases • haemolytic anaemia secondary to cold agglutins (IgM) • a maculopapular, pruritic rash develops in around 99% of patients who take ampicillin/amoxicillin whilst they h...

Pages 1476-1500 Notes & Notes for MRCP By Dr. Yousif Abdallah Hamad Loiasis • Loiasis is a filarial infection caused by Loa Loa. • It is transmitted by the Chrysops deerfly and tends to occur in rainforest regions of Western and Central Africa. • It has less ...

Chapter 10 Notes & Notes for MRCP By Dr. Yousif Abdallah Hamad Chapter 10 Dermatology This image shows the generalised erythematous rash seen in patients with erythroderma, sometimes referred to as 'red man syndrome' Note the extensive exfoliation seen in this...

Pages 1526-1550 Notes & Notes for MRCP By Dr. Yousif Abdallah Hamad Diagnosis • Diagnosis is made clinically • anti-melanocyte antibodies • can be confirmed using a skin biopsy. Management • sun block for affected areas of skin • camouflage make-up • topical c...

Chapter 11 Notes & Notes for MRCP By Dr. Yousif Abdallah Hamad Chapter 11 Psychiatry Management of depression in elderly with Alzheimer's • citalopram is the best treatment Although citalopram may have minor effects on cognition, it has been shown in patients...

Pages 1576-1600 Notes & Notes for MRCP By Dr. Yousif Abdallah Hamad • Reducing aqueous secretions with acetazolamide and inducing pupillary constriction with topical pilocarpine. • Pilocarpine should not be the initial treatment as it is ineffective at pressur...