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Acquired abnormalities
Acquired abnormalities History Patients usually associate the onset of their symptoms with an un...
Arthritis of the elbow
Arthritis of the elbow Rheumatoid arthritis Surgery may be required, especially in end-stage dise...
Arthritis of the shoulder Rheumatoid arthritis
Arthritis of the shoulder Rheumatoid arthritis The glenohumeral joint is commonly involved in rhe...
modern imaging and equipment
modern imaging and equipment? The key to good surgery in all disciplines is a surgeon who is dedi...
surgery
surgery There have been dramatic advances in spinal surgery owing to modern imaging, modern instr...
The lack of trained spinal surgeons
The lack of trained spinal surgeons In the last 25 years high-income countries have seen the rap...
Thoracic disc herniation
Thoracic disc herniation Thoracic disc herniations that require surgical intervention are rare, a...
Tuberculosis
Tuberculosis This is discussed in Chapters 6 and 43 . Tuberculosis This is discussed in Chapters ...
Spondylolisthesis
Spondylolisthesis Spondylolisthesis is a forward slippage of the vertebral body engendered by a ...
Syringomyelia
Syringomyelia Patients may present with sensory disturbance, weakness of the hands, loss of pain...
TUMOURS OF THE SPINE Metastatic tumours
TUMOURS OF THE SPINE Metastatic tumours The commonest malignancies that metastasise to the spine ...
Spina bifida
Spina bifida Spina bifida is caused by a failure of fusion of the vertebral arches and possibly t...
Spinal biopsy
Spinal biopsy Either CT-guided or open biopsy is often performed to obtain tissue for diagnostic ...
Spinal dysraphism
Spinal dysraphism This is a group of disorders arising from abnormal embryo- logical formation o...
Spinal stenosis
Spinal stenosis Spinal stenosis may be defined as any type of narrowing of the spinal canal, nerv...
SPINAL DEFORMITY
SPINAL DEFORMITY Spinal deformity may be categorised into a coronal plane deformity (scoliosis) o...
SPONDYLOL YSIS AND SPONDYLOLISTHESIS Spondylolysis
SPONDYLOL YSIS AND SPONDYLOLISTHESIS Spondylolysis This is a unilateral or bilateral defect in th...
Scheuermann’s kyphosis
Scheuermann’s kyphosis Typically , in this condition, there is wedging of the seventh to 10th th...
Primary tumours of the spine
Primary tumours of the spine Primary bone tumours of the spine account for only 2% of all spinal...
Provocative discography
Provocative discography This investigation involves the placement of a 24-gauge needle into the ...