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ANAL FISSURE Definition An anal fissure (synonym: fissure- in - ano ) is a longitudinal ulcer in the...

ANAL INTRAEPITHELIAL NEOPLASIA AIN is a multifocal virally induced dysplasia of the perianal or ...

V I VI (c) Segmental V I VI (c) Segmental V I VI (c) Segmental

Vascular interventional radiology With the development and refinement of CT angiography - techniq...

The acute abdomen The term ‘acute abdomen’ encompasses many diverse entities. The acute abdomen...

Tumour In most published studies, cross-sectional imaging techniques (CT , ultrasound, MRI) are m...

Ultrasound Ultrasound has an evolving role in the assessment of acutely traumatised patients. Th...

REQUESTING IMAGING Best practice depends on close collaboration between the radiologist and the r...

SURGERY Introduction Imaging is an integral part of musculoskeletal diagnosis. Image-guided, min...

Skeletal trauma Musculoskeletal trauma is best imaged by an initial plain radiograph. All skeleta...

Nodes Accurate assessment of nodal involvement remains a chal - lenge for imaging. Most imaging...

Perforation The erect chest x-ray (CXR) is the ideal first test for hollow organ perforation and a...

Plain radiographs Conventional radiography allows rapid assessment of the major injuries and can...

Mass lesions Mass lesions in muscle and soft tissue are examined by ultra - sound, which can be d...

Metabolic bone disease Plain radiographs should be the first images of patients with metabolic bo...

Metastases The demonstration of metastatic disease will usually signifi cantly a ff ect surgical m...

Ischaemia/infarction The most useful test when bowel ischaemia or infarction is suspected is a CT...

Learning objectives To understand: The advantages of good working relationships and close • colla...

Magnetic resonance imaging The value of immediate MRI in trauma is relatively limited and is lar...

Infection In the early stages of joint infection, the plain films may be normal, but they should ...