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Finger flexors ). /uni25CF Superficialis tendon test . The flexor digitorum pro - fundus (FDP) usual...

Cervical spine Look Ensure that the shoulders, back muscles and scapulae can be seen. Look for mu...

ELBOW The elbow is a hinge joint formed by the articulation of the ulna and radius with the hume...

Extensors and flexors Asking the patient to grip two of your fingers in their fist tests the power ...

CLINICAL EXAMINATION OF THE HIP JOINT The hip is a synovium-lined ball-and-socket joint. Typical ...

CLINICAL EXAMINATION OF THE KNEE The knee is a synovial hinged joint. There are three compart - m...

CLINICAL EXAMINATION OF THE SHOULDER Pain arising from the shoulder joint may be felt anterolater...

Assessment of joint hypermobility Increased movement and flexibility of a joint can often cause j...

CLINICAL EXAMINATION OF THE FOOT AND ANKLE The foot can be divided into three parts: the hindfoot...

CLINICAL EXAMINATION OF THE HAND AND WRIST The hand and wrist should be thought of as one functio...

Ankle ( Figure 35.37 ) /uni25CF Dorsiflexion . Test dorsiflexion with the knee both flexed and exten...

Ankle stability Trauma to the ankle is a common cause of instability . Accurate assessment may b...

Anterior cruciate ligament The most sensitive test for evaluation of the ACL is the Lachman test...

Tertiary blast injury Tertiary blast injury is the result of gross movement of person - nel, ob...

WEAPON EFFECTS Ballistics The ability to manage conflict injuries relies on an under - standing...

REFERENCES 1 Atta HM. Edwin Smith Surgical Papyrus: the oldest known surgi - cal treatise. Am Sur...

SURGERY Modern warfare has changed over recent decades. The causes of injury are particular to t...

Secondary blast injury Secondary blast injury refers to the e ff ect of fragments that are accele...

PRINCIPLES OF WAR SURGERY Battlefield death occurs early (or immediately) because of devastating c...

Primary blast injury Primary blast injuries result from the overpressure and are, as such, unique...