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Perface Preface Changes in medicine The Oxford Textbook of Medicine is published online and has been regularly updated for many years, but the production of a new and very substantially updated edition provides a moment when it is nat- ural and proper to refle...

Polyarteritis nodosa

Prevention

Prevention— CONTENTS 21.10.1 Diabetes mellitus and the kidney  4975 Rudolf Bilous 21.10.2 The kidney in systemic vasculitis  4988 David Jayne 21.10.3 The kidney in rheumatological disorders  5001 Liz Lightstone and Hannah Beckwith 21.10.4 The kidney in sar...

Prognosis

Renal diseases in the tropics 5049 Vivekanand Jha

Renal involvement in genetic disease 5065 D. Joly and J.P. Grünfeld

Renal involvement in plasma cell dyscrasias, immunoglobulin- based amyloidoses, and fibrillary glomerulopathies, lymphomas, and leukaemias 5016 Pierre Ronco, Frank Bridoux, and Arnaud Jaccard section 21  Disorders of the kidney and urinary tract 5016 21.10.5  ...

Role of infection

Serology 21.10.2  The kidney in systemic vasculitis 4993 Investigation There are no diagnostic criteria for vasculitis syndromes and diag- nosis depends on recognition of the pattern of clinical features, supported by serology, histology, and imaging, and the ...

Staging and natural history—

Structure and function of the kidney 4717 Steve Harper and Robert Unwin ESSENTIALS The kidneys are the archetypal organs of homeostasis. Their pri- mary function is filtration and segregation. Through these processes they rebalance the continual electrolyte an...

Table 21.10.1.1 Levels of proteinuria, albuminuria, and albumin:creatinine ratio (ACR) that define normal, moderately increased(microalbuminuria), and severely increased albuminuria (clinical proteinuria). Borderline results should be repeated on early morning...

Table 21.10.1.2 Natural history of nephropathy in type 1 diabetesa section 21  Disorders of the kidney and urinary tract 4980 Prevention Glycaemic control The association of glycaemia and development of nephropathy has led to numerous studies exploring the pot...

Table 21.10.1.3 Comparison of intensive versus conventional therapy in the prevention of moderately increased albuminuria in type 1(DCCT + EDIC) and newly diagnosed type 2 (UKPDS) patients

Table 21.10.1.4 Cross- tabulation of latest classification of chronic kidney disease and historical definition of diabetic kidney disease

Table 21.10.2.1 The classification of primary systemic vasculitis, updated in the 2012 Chapel Hill Consensus statement

Table 21.10.2.2 Classification of rapidly progressiveglomerulonephritis according to renal immunofluorescence andcirculating immune reactants 21.10.2  The kidney in systemic vasculitis 4991 are present in granulomata and at sites of vasculitic injury. They hav...