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22.6.5 Anaemia of inflammation 5402 Sant- Rayn Pasricha and Hal Drakesmith section 22  Haematological disorders 5402 Taher AT, et al. (2012). Deferasirox reduces iron overload significantly in nontransfusion-​dependent thalassemia:  1-​year results from a pros...

22.6.6 Megaloblastic anaemia and miscellaneous deficiency anaemias 5407 A.V. Hoffbrand 22.6.6  Megaloblastic anaemia and miscellaneous deficiency anaemias 5407 these conditions may mobilize iron from macrophage stores, easing functional iron deficiency and fac...

22.6.7 Disorders of the synthesis or function of haemoglobin 5426 Deborah Hay and David J. Weatherall† section 22  Haematological disorders 5426 Stabler SP (2013). Clinical practice. Vitamin B12 deficiency. N Eng J Med, 368, 149–60. Toh B-​H, et al. (2012). Cu...

22.6.8 Anaemias resulting from defective maturation of red cells 5450 Stephen J. Fuller and James S. Wiley section 22  Haematological disorders 5450 Treatment In cases of chronic acquired methaemoglobinaemia, the drug or chemical agent should be removed where ...

22.6.9 Disorders of the red cell membrane 5456 Patrick G. Gallagher section 22  Haematological disorders 5456 Haas D, et al. (2007). New insights into the prognostic impact of the karyotype in MDS and correlation with subtypes. Evidence from a core dataset of ...

22.7 Haemostasis 5490 22.7.1 The biology of haemostasis and thrombosis 5490 Gilbert C. White, II, Harold R. Roberts, and Nigel S. Key CONTENTS 22.7.1 The biology of haemostasis and thrombosis  5490 Gilbert C. White, II, Harold R. Roberts, and Nigel S. Key 22....

22.7.2 Evaluation of the patient with a bleeding tendency 5509 Trevor Baglin 22.7.2  Evaluation of the patient with a bleeding tendency 5509 matrix. U-​PA associates with the urokinase plasminogen-​activator receptor (u-​PAR). Antiplasmin Antiplasmin is the ph...

22.7.3 Thrombocytopenia and disorders of platelet function 5520 Nicola Curry and Susie Shapiro

22.7.4 Genetic disorders of coagulation 5532 Eleanor S. Pollak and Katherine A. High section 22  Haematological disorders 5532 Disorders of platelet procoagulant activity Scott syndrome is an extremely rare autosomal recessive condition. Reduced negatively cha...

22.7.5 Acquired coagulation disorders 5546 T.E. Warkentin section 22  Haematological disorders 5546 Gene therapy in haemophilia High KA (2005). Gene transfer for hemophilia: can therapeutic ef- ficacy in large animals be safely translated to patients? J Thromb...

22.8.2 Haemopoietic stem cell transplantation 5579 E.C. Gordon- Smith and Emma C. Morris 22.8.2  Haemopoietic stem cell transplantation 5579 22.8.2  Haemopoietic stem cell transplantation E.C. Gordon-​Smith and Emma C. Morris ESSENTIALS Haemopoietic stem cells...

ESSENTIALS section 22  Haematological disorders 5520 and often mild, as compared with thrombocytopenia associated with inadequate platelet production (mentioned previously). Rarely, an autoantibody to a specific clotting factor, such as factor VIII, produces a...

Transfusion and transplantation 5563 22.8.1 Blood transfusion 5563 D.S. Giovanniello and E.L. Snyder CONTENTS 22.8.1 Blood transfusion  5563 D.S. Giovanniello and E.L. Snyder 22.8.2 Haemopoietic stem cell transplantation  5579 E.C. Gordon-​Smith and Emma C. ...

23.1 Structure and function of skin 5591 John A. McGrath ESSENTIALS Skin provides a mechanical and immunological barrier against the external environment, but has further roles in thermoregulation, me- tabolism, and the regulation of fluid balance, as well as ...

23.10 Infections of the skin 5695 Roderick J. Hay ESSENTIALS A huge variety of different organisms exist on healthy skin, the normal microbiome. Under certain circumstances, microbes can actively in- fect the skin as a primary or secondary event in cutaneous o...

23.11 Sebaceous and sweat gland disorders 5699 Alison M. Layton ESSENTIALS Cutaneous glands in humans include holocrine or sebaceous glands and merocrine or sweat glands. Merocrine glands are subdivided into apocrine, eccrine, and apoeccrine glands. Disorders ...

23.12 Blood and lymphatic vessel disorders 5709 Peter S. Mortimer and Roderick J. Hay ESSENTIALS Bleeding into the skin may occur for local reasons or as part of a sys- temic disorder. The distribution of lesions is important: widespread lesions suggest a syst...

23.13 Hair and nail disorders 5724 David de Berker ESSENTIALS Nails grow continuously throughout life, except after exceptional physiological or traumatic events when they are shed. All other less disruptive influences result in changes in the colour, thicknes...