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AVO I DA B L E FAC TO R S T H AT COMPOUND THE RESPONSE TO ) , thus AVO I DA B L E FAC TO R S T H AT COMPOUND THE RESPONSE TO ) , thus

AVO I DA B L E FAC TO R S T H AT COMPOUND THE RESPONSE TO ) , thus

Agonists and antagonists: an uncertain balance Within hours of the upregulation of proinflammatory cyto kines, endogenous cytokine antagonists enter the circulation (e.g. interleukin-1 receptor antagonist [IL-1Ra] and TNF- soluble receptors [TNF-sR-55 and 75]...

Alterations in hepatic protein metabolism: the acute-phase protein response The liver and skeletal muscle together account for >50% of daily body protein turnover. Skeletal muscle has a large mass but a low turnover rate (1–2% per day), whereas the liver has a...

Alterations in hepatic protein metabolism: the acute-phase protein response The liver and skeletal muscle together account for >50% of daily body protein turnover. Skeletal muscle has a large mass but a low turnover rate (1–2% per day), whereas the liver has a...

Alterations in skeletal muscle protein metabolism Muscle protein is continually synthesised and broken down with a turnover rate in humans of 1–2% per day . Under normal circumstances, synthesis equals breakdown and muscle bulk remains constant. Physiological...

C A a n Pyrexia C A a n Pyrexia C A a n Pyrexia

CHANGES IN BODY COMPOSITION FOLLOWING INJURY The average 70 /uni00A0 kg male can be considered to consist of fat (13 /uni00A0 kg) and fat-free mass (or lean body mass: 57 /uni00A0 kg). In such an individual, the lean tissue is composed primarily of protein (...