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NEONATAL GASTROINTESTINAL SURGERY Oesophageal atresia/ tracheoesophageal fi stula (OA/TOF) Five anatomical variations appear in Figure 18.1 . When the oesophagus ends blindly , amniotic fl uid cannot be swallowed - and polyhydramnios results. If there is no ...

NEWBORN PHYSIOLOGY AND THE PRINCIPLES OF NEONATAL SURGERY Neonatal physiology can pose challenges when there is a surgi - cal condition ( Table 18.2 ) . Perioperatively , a newborn needing - ventilation is best managed in a surgical unit co-located with a medi...

NEWBORN PHYSIOLOGY AND THE PRINCIPLES OF NEONATAL SURGERY Neonatal physiology can pose challenges when there is a surgi - cal condition ( Table 18.2 ) . Perioperatively , a newborn needing - ventilation is best managed in a surgical unit co-located with a medi...

NEWBORN PHYSIOLOGY AND THE PRINCIPLES OF NEONATAL SURGERY Neonatal physiology can pose challenges when there is a surgi - cal condition ( Table 18.2 ) . Perioperatively , a newborn needing - ventilation is best managed in a surgical unit co-located with a medi...

Necrotising enterocolitis NEC is a patchy haemorrhagic enteritis seen in about 10% of preterm babies on NICUs; all are more than a few days old and have been fed. NEC is less common in breastfed than in formula-fed babies. NEC commonly involves the colon and t...

Pulmonary airway malformations There are three groups: congenital cystic adenomatoid malfor - mations (CCAMs), bronchopulmonary sequestrations (BPSs) - and congenital lobar emphysema (CLE). The sequestrations may be intralobar or extralobar and are accompanied...

Sacrococcygeal teratoma These germ cell tumours arise from the coccyx and are usually diagnosed antenatally . They may have internal and external components or both ( Figure 18.20 ). Most are benign mature teratomas, but some contain immature embryonic element...

Small bowel atresias Small bowel atresias may be isolated ( Figure 18.5 ) or multiple. If seen without other anomalies, they are thought to have been caused by localised vascular events occurring after organogene sis. Rarely multiple intestinal atresias are se...

THORACIC SURGERY Congenital diaphragmatic hernia Several genes share roles in diaphragmatic, pulmonary , cardiac and foregut development; consequently , congenital diaphrag matic hernias are associated with lung hypoplasia, pulmonary hypertension, cardiac defe...

WHY ADUL T SURGEONS NEED AN OVERVIEW OF NEONATAL SURGERY Rarely , malrotation, congenital diaphragmatic hernias and lung malformations described in this chapter may present for the first time in adulthood. More commonly , adults who had neonatal surgery may pre...

WHY ADUL T SURGEONS NEED AN OVERVIEW OF NEONATAL SURGERY Rarely , malrotation, congenital diaphragmatic hernias and lung malformations described in this chapter may present for the first time in adulthood. More commonly , adults who had neonatal surgery may pre...

Abdomen Intraperitoneal air mandates a laparoscopy or laparotomy . Penetrating wounds that have not entered the abdominal cavity should be cleaned and closed. The spleen and liver account for 70% of all visceral injuries caused by blunt trauma. In the haemody...

DAMAGE CONTROL SURGERY Damage control surgery aims to break the ‘vicious cycle’ of hypothermia, tissue hypoxia, coagulopathy and acidosis before later definitive repair. Anatomy is restored when the physiology is optimised. The principles are in sequence: (i) s...