SECTION 2 Background to medicine
2.1 Science in medicine When, how, and what 33
2.1 Science in medicine: When, how, and what 33 ESSENTIALS Science has always been part of Wester...
2.10 Medicine quality, physicians, and patients 12
2.10 Medicine quality, physicians, and patients 124 ESSENTIALS Poor-quality medicines negate the...
2.11 Preventive medicine 127
2.11 Preventive medicine 127 ESSENTIALS Causes of death Most deaths before age 80 years are prev...
2.12 Medical screening 137
2.12 Medical screening 137 ESSENTIALS Medical screening is the systematic application of a test o...
2.13 Health promotion 152
2.13 Health promotion 152 ESSENTIALS The ‘Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion’ (1986) remains a b...
2.14 Deprivation and health 157
2.14 Deprivation and health 157 ESSENTIALS The health of an individual is influenced by the circu...
2.15 How much should rich countries’ governments s
2.15 How much should rich countries’ governments spend on healthcare? 161 ESSENTIALS The argument...
2.16 Financing healthcare in low- income developin
2.16 Financing healthcare in low- income developing countries: A challenge for equity in health 1...
2.17 Research in the developed world 177
2.17 Research in the developed world 177 ESSENTIALS The entire health system seeks to prevent dis...
2.18 Fostering medical and health research in reso
2.18 Fostering medical and health research in resource- constrained countries 181 ESSENTIALS Acce...
2.19 Regulation versus innovation in medicine 185
2.19 Regulation versus innovation in medicine 185 ESSENTIALS Two tragedies created drug regulator...
2.2 Evolution Medicine’s most basic science 39
2.2 Evolution: Medicine’s most basic science 39 ESSENTIALS The role of evolutionary biology as a ...
2.20 Human disasters 188
2.20 Human disasters 188 ESSENTIALS Human disasters, as massive misfortunes long recorded over hi...
2.21 Humanitarian medicine 193
2.21 Humanitarian medicine 193 ESSENTIALS Humanitarian medicine addresses the human consequence o...
2.22 Complementary and alternative medicine 201
2.22 Complementary and alternative medicine 201 ESSENTIALS Complementary and alternative medicine...
2.3 The Global Burden of Disease Measuring the hea
2.3 The Global Burden of Disease: Measuring the health of populations 43 ESSENTIALS To make the b...
2.4 Large- scale randomized evidence Trials and me
2.4 Large- scale randomized evidence: Trials and meta- analyses of trials 51 ESSENTIALS Reliable ...
2.5 Bioinformatics 67
2.5 Bioinformatics 67 ESSENTIALS Bioinformatics may be defined as ‘conceptualizing biology in ter...
2.6 Principles of clinical pharmacology and drug t
2.6 Principles of clinical pharmacology and drug therapy 71 ESSENTIALS In its widest sense a drug...
2.7 Biological therapies for immune, inflammatory,
2.7 Biological therapies for immune, inflammatory, and allergic diseases 100 ESSENTIALS Therapeut...
2.8 Traditional medicine exemplified by traditiona
2.8 Traditional medicine exemplified by traditional Chinese medicine 108 ESSENTIALS Traditional (...
2.9 Engaging patients in therapeutic development 1
2.9 Engaging patients in therapeutic development 118 ESSENTIALS Engagement of patients during the...