08 - Chapter 3 Depression and anxiety disorders
01 - Introduction to depression
Introduction to depression The Maudsley® Prescribing Guidelines in Psychiatry, Fifteenth Edition....
02 - Official guidance on the treatment of depress
Official guidance on the treatment of depression: a summary of the NICE guidelines1
03 - References
References 336 The Maudsley® Prescribing Guidelines in Psychiatry CHAPTER 3 Official guidance on ...
04 - Antidepressants general overview
Antidepressants – general overview
05 - Effectiveness
Effectiveness Depression and anxiety disorders CHAPTER 3 Antidepressants – general overview Effec...
06 - Onset of action
Onset of action
07 - Choice of antidepressant and relative adverse
Choice of antidepressant and relative adverse effects 338 The Maudsley® Prescribing Guidelines in...
08 - Drug interactions
Drug interactions
09 - Suicidality
Suicidality Depression and anxiety disorders CHAPTER 3 foods to cause hypertensive crisis and muc...
10 - Duration of treatment
Duration of treatment
100 - References
References 430 The Maudsley® Prescribing Guidelines in Psychiatry CHAPTER 3 References McCabe MP...
101 - SSRIs and bleeding
SSRIs and bleeding
102 - Gastrointestinal bleeding
Gastrointestinal bleeding Depression and anxiety disorders CHAPTER 3 Caution should be exercised ...
103 - Intracranialintracerebral haemorrhage
Intracranial/intracerebral haemorrhage
104 - Gynaecological and obstetric haemorrhage
Gynaecological and obstetric haemorrhage Depression and anxiety disorders CHAPTER 3 One database ...
105 - Abnormal vaginal bleeding
Abnormal vaginal bleeding
106 - Postpartum haemorrhage
Postpartum haemorrhage 436 The Maudsley® Prescribing Guidelines in Psychiatry CHAPTER 3 were thre...
107 - Surgical and postoperative bleeding
Surgical and postoperative bleeding
108 - Alternatives to SSRIsSNRIs
Alternatives to SSRIs/SNRIs
109 - Overall
Overall Depression and anxiety disorders CHAPTER 3 A review of 13 studies found an increased odds...
11 - Next step treatments
Next-step treatments
110 - Summary
Summary
111 - References
References 438 The Maudsley® Prescribing Guidelines in Psychiatry CHAPTER 3 5. Jiang HY, et al. U...
112 - St Johns wort
St John’s wort
113 - Evidence for St Johns wort in the treatment o
Evidence for St John’s wort in the treatment of depression 440 The Maudsley® Prescribing Guidelin...
114 - Adverse effects
Adverse effects
115 - Drug interactions
Drug interactions 442 The Maudsley® Prescribing Guidelines in Psychiatry CHAPTER 3 People may reg...
116 - References
References Depression and anxiety disorders CHAPTER 3 26. Nicolussi S, et al. Clinical relevance ...
117 - Antidepressants relative adverse effects a r
Antidepressants: relative adverse effects – a rough guide 446 The Maudsley® Prescribing Guideline...
118 - Anxiety spectrum disorders
Anxiety spectrum disorders
119 - Benzodiazepines
Benzodiazepines
12 - Use of antidepressants in anxiety spectrum di
Use of antidepressants in anxiety spectrum disorders
120 - SSRIsSNRIs
SSRIs/SNRIs Depression and anxiety disorders CHAPTER 3 all drugs may be effective when standard d...
121 - Pregabalin
Pregabalin 448 The Maudsley® Prescribing Guidelines in Psychiatry CHAPTER 3 overdose toxicity of ...
122 - Psychological approaches
Psychological approaches Depression and anxiety disorders CHAPTER 3 OCD (where there is moderate ...
123 - Summary of NICE guidelines for the treatment
Summary of NICE guidelines for the treatment of GAD, panic disorder and OCD Depression and anxiet...
124 - Panic disorder
Panic disorder
125 - GAD
GAD
126 - OCD (where there is moderate or severe functi
OCD (where there is moderate or severe functional impairment)
127 - References
References 456 The Maudsley® Prescribing Guidelines in Psychiatry CHAPTER 3 19. Jakubovski E, et ...
128 - Benzodiazepines in the treatment of psychiatr
Benzodiazepines in the treatment of psychiatric disorders
129 - Anxiolytic effect
Anxiolytic effect
13 - References
References 340 The Maudsley® Prescribing Guidelines in Psychiatry CHAPTER 3 Toxicity in overdose ...
130 - Hypnotic effect
Hypnotic effect Depression and anxiety disorders CHAPTER 3 Use in depression Benzodiazepines are ...
131 - Use in depression
Use in depression
132 - Use in psychosis
Use in psychosis 462 The Maudsley® Prescribing Guidelines in Psychiatry CHAPTER 3 Epidemiological...
133 - Adverse effects
Adverse effects
134 - Drug interactions
Drug interactions Depression and anxiety disorders CHAPTER 3 15. Roehrs T, et al. Drug-related s...
135 - References
References 464 The Maudsley® Prescribing Guidelines in Psychiatry CHAPTER 3 Benzodiazepines, z-d...
136 - Benzodiazepines, z drugs and gabapentinoids d
Benzodiazepines, z-drugs and gabapentinoids: dependence, withdrawal effects and discontinuation 4...
137 - Withdrawal symptoms
Withdrawal symptoms Depression and anxiety disorders CHAPTER 3 patients with hepatic dysfunction,...
138 - Stopping benzodiazepines
Stopping benzodiazepines
139 - Dosage reduction (tapering)
Dosage reduction (tapering)
14 - Recognised minimum effective doses of antidep
Recognised minimum effective doses of antidepressants 342 The Maudsley® Prescribing Guidelines in...
140 - Direct taper or switching to diazepam
Direct taper or switching to diazepam?
141 - Pattern of tapering
Pattern of tapering 468 The Maudsley® Prescribing Guidelines in Psychiatry CHAPTER 3 Practical ap...
142 - Practical application of these principles
Practical application of these principles Depression and anxiety disorders CHAPTER 3 with smaller...
143 - Troubleshooting
Troubleshooting
144 - Reduction schedules
Reduction schedules 470 The Maudsley® Prescribing Guidelines in Psychiatry CHAPTER 3 11. Horowitz...
145 - Tapering other drug classes
Tapering other drug classes
146 - References
References Depression and anxiety disorders CHAPTER 3 Benzodiazepines and disinhibition Unexpecte...
147 - Benzodiazepines and disinhibition
Benzodiazepines and disinhibition
148 - How common are disinhibitory reactions with b
How common are disinhibitory reactions with benzodiazepines? 472 The Maudsley® Prescribing Guidel...
149 - Who is at risk
Who is at risk?
15 - References
References Depression and anxiety disorders CHAPTER 3 References Furukawa TA, et al. Meta-analy...
150 - What is the mechanism
What is the mechanism? Depression and anxiety disorders CHAPTER 3 References Schieveld JNM, et a...
151 - Subjective reports
Subjective reports
152 - Clinical implications
Clinical implications 474 The Maudsley® Prescribing Guidelines in Psychiatry CHAPTER 3 Premenstru...
153 - References
References Depression and anxiety disorders CHAPTER 3 If COCPs are ineffective, not tolerated, or...
16 - Drug treatment of depression
Drug treatment of depression 344 The Maudsley® Prescribing Guidelines in Psychiatry CHAPTER 3 Dru...
17 - Notes
Notes Depression and anxiety disorders CHAPTER 3 Notes ■ ■Tools such as the Montgomery–Asberg Dep...
18 - References
References 346 The Maudsley® Prescribing Guidelines in Psychiatry CHAPTER 3 in treatment (British...
19 - Management of treatment resistant depression
Management of treatment-resistant depression – commonly used treatments 348 The Maudsley® Prescri...
20 - References
References Depression and anxiety disorders CHAPTER 3 References Dunner DL, et al. Prospective, ...
21 - Management of treatment resistant depression
Management of treatment-resistant depression – other well- supported treatments Depression and an...
22 - References
References 352 The Maudsley® Prescribing Guidelines in Psychiatry CHAPTER 3 References Marcanton...
23 - Treatment resistant depression other reporte
Treatment-resistant depression – other reported treatments Depression and anxiety disorders CHAPT...
24 - References
References 354 The Maudsley® Prescribing Guidelines in Psychiatry CHAPTER 3 References Gonçalves...
25 - Ketamine
Ketamine
26 - Background
Background
27 - Mechanism
Mechanism
28 - Route of administration
Route of administration Depression and anxiety disorders CHAPTER 3 Ketamine Background Over the p...
29 - Adverse effects
Adverse effects 358 The Maudsley® Prescribing Guidelines in Psychiatry CHAPTER 3 doses tested, in...
30 - References
References 360 The Maudsley® Prescribing Guidelines in Psychiatry CHAPTER 3 References Berman RM...
31 - Psychotic depression
Psychotic depression
32 - Acute treatment
Acute treatment 362 The Maudsley® Prescribing Guidelines in Psychiatry CHAPTER 3 Psychotic depres...
33 - Ketamine formulations
Ketamine formulations
34 - ECT
ECT
35 - Maintenance treatment
Maintenance treatment Depression and anxiety disorders CHAPTER 3 Ketamine formulations Many of th...
36 - Other treatments
Other treatments
37 - Summary
Summary
38 - References
References 364 The Maudsley® Prescribing Guidelines in Psychiatry CHAPTER 3 for 4–6 months after ...
39 - Switching antidepressants
Switching antidepressants
40 - General guidelines
General guidelines 366 The Maudsley® Prescribing Guidelines in Psychiatry CHAPTER 3 Switching ant...
41 - References
References 372 The Maudsley® Prescribing Guidelines in Psychiatry CHAPTER 3 References Horowitz ...
42 - Antidepressant withdrawal symptoms
Antidepressant withdrawal symptoms
43 - Signs and symptoms
Signs and symptoms
44 - Incidence and severity
Incidence and severity Depression and anxiety disorders CHAPTER 3 Antidepressant withdrawal sympt...
45 - Time course
Time course 374 The Maudsley® Prescribing Guidelines in Psychiatry CHAPTER 3 Time course The onse...
46 - Clinical relevance14,15
Clinical relevance14,15
47 - Who is at risk10,1416,18
Who is at risk?10,14–16,18
48 - How to avoid1416,18
How to avoid14–16,18 Depression and anxiety disorders CHAPTER 3 Clinical relevance14,15 The sympt...
49 - How to treat1416,23
How to treat14–16,23
50 - References
References 376 The Maudsley® Prescribing Guidelines in Psychiatry CHAPTER 3 difficult to stop.13 ...
51 - Stopping antidepressants
Stopping antidepressants
52 - Rate of tapering
Rate of tapering 378 The Maudsley® Prescribing Guidelines in Psychiatry CHAPTER 3 Stopping antide...
53 - Pattern of tapering
Pattern of tapering Depression and anxiety disorders CHAPTER 3 Pattern of tapering Although reduc...
54 - Practical application of tapering
Practical application of tapering 380 The Maudsley® Prescribing Guidelines in Psychiatry CHAPTER ...
55 - Troubleshooting
Troubleshooting Depression and anxiety disorders CHAPTER 3 A cautious initial rate of reduction i...
56 - References
References 382 The Maudsley® Prescribing Guidelines in Psychiatry CHAPTER 3 Unfortunately, most c...
57 - Electroconvulsive therapy and psychotropic dr
Electroconvulsive therapy and psychotropic drugs 384 The Maudsley® Prescribing Guidelines in Psyc...
58 - References
References 386 The Maudsley® Prescribing Guidelines in Psychiatry CHAPTER 3 References Pluijms E...
59 - Psychostimulants in depression
Psychostimulants in depression 388 The Maudsley® Prescribing Guidelines in Psychiatry CHAPTER 3 P...
60 - References
References Depression and anxiety disorders CHAPTER 3 References Satel SL, et al. Stimulants in ...
61 - Post stroke depression
Post-stroke depression
62 - Prophylaxis of post stroke depression
Prophylaxis of post-stroke depression
63 - Treatment of post stroke depression
Treatment of post-stroke depression Depression and anxiety disorders CHAPTER 3 Post-stroke depre...
64 - References
References 394 The Maudsley® Prescribing Guidelines in Psychiatry CHAPTER 3 with a heightened ris...
65 - Antidepressant prophylaxis
Antidepressant prophylaxis
66 - After first episode
After first episode
67 - Recurrent depression
Recurrent depression Depression and anxiety disorders CHAPTER 3 Antidepressant prophylaxis After ...
68 - Discontinuation of medium and long term antid
Discontinuation of medium- and long-term antidepressants 398 The Maudsley® Prescribing Guidelines...
69 - Dose for prophylaxis
Dose for prophylaxis
70 - References
References Depression and anxiety disorders CHAPTER 3 treatment or to have antidepressants slowly...
71 - Drug interactions with antidepressants
Drug interactions with antidepressants
72 - Pharmacokinetic interactions
Pharmacokinetic interactions Depression and anxiety disorders CHAPTER 3 Drug interactions with an...
73 - Pharmacodynamic interactions
Pharmacodynamic interactions 402 The Maudsley® Prescribing Guidelines in Psychiatry CHAPTER 3 Pha...
74 - 16. References
16. References Depression and anxiety disorders CHAPTER 3 (lumateperone and ziprasidone) and drug...
75 - Cardiac effects of antidepressants summary
Cardiac effects of antidepressants – summary
76 - References
References Depression and anxiety disorders CHAPTER 3 SSRIs are generally recommended in cardiac ...
77 - Antidepressant induced arrhythmia
Antidepressant-induced arrhythmia Depression and anxiety disorders CHAPTER 3 Antidepressant-indu...
78 - Use in at risk patients
Use in at-risk patients
79 - Relative cardiotoxicity
Relative cardiotoxicity 412 The Maudsley® Prescribing Guidelines in Psychiatry CHAPTER 3 Use in a...
80 - Summary
Summary
81 - References
References Depression and anxiety disorders CHAPTER 3 Summary ■ ■Tricyclics (but not lofepramine)...
82 - Antidepressant induced hyponatraemia
Antidepressant-induced hyponatraemia
83 - Which antidepressants
Which antidepressants?
84 - Database studies
Database studies 416 The Maudsley® Prescribing Guidelines in Psychiatry CHAPTER 3 Antidepressant-...
85 - Monitoring1,27,28
Monitoring1,27,28
86 - Treatment28
Treatment28
87 - Restarting treatment
Restarting treatment
88 - Other prescribed drugs
Other prescribed drugs 418 The Maudsley® Prescribing Guidelines in Psychiatry CHAPTER 3 Treatment...
89 - References
References Depression and anxiety disorders CHAPTER 3 10. Movig KL, et al. Association between a...
90 - Antidepressants and hyperprolactinaemia
Antidepressants and hyperprolactinaemia
91 - References
References Depression and anxiety disorders CHAPTER 3 References Emiliano AB, et al. From galac...
92 - Antidepressants and diabetes mellitus
Antidepressants and diabetes mellitus
93 - Depression and diabetes
Depression and diabetes
94 - Recommendations
Recommendations 424 The Maudsley® Prescribing Guidelines in Psychiatry CHAPTER 3 Recommendations ...
95 - References
References Depression and anxiety disorders CHAPTER 3 12. Briscoe VJ, et al. Effects of a selecti...
96 - Antidepressants and sexual dysfunction
Antidepressants and sexual dysfunction
97 - Effects of depression
Effects of depression 426 The Maudsley® Prescribing Guidelines in Psychiatry CHAPTER 3 Antidepres...
98 - Effects of antidepressant drugs
Effects of antidepressant drugs 428 The Maudsley® Prescribing Guidelines in Psychiatry CHAPTER 3 ...
99 - Post SSRI sexual dysfunction
Post-SSRI sexual dysfunction