116 - References

References

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444 The Maudsley® Prescribing Guidelines in Psychiatry CHAPTER 3 Antidepressants: relative adverse effects – a rough guide Table 3.23 gives a very approximate, unreferenced view of the absolute and relative risk of a small range of adverse effects associated with standard antidepressants. Further details can be found in specific sections in this chapter. Table 3.23  Common adverse effects of antidepressants. Drug Sedation Postural hypotension Cardiac conduction disturbance Anticholinergic effects Nausea/ vomiting Sexual dysfunction Tricyclics Amitriptyline +++ +++ +++ +++ + +++ Clomipramine ++ +++ +++ ++ ++ +++ Dosulepin +++ +++ +++ ++ + + Doxepin +++ ++ +++ +++ + + Imipramine ++ +++ +++ +++ + + Lofepramine + + + ++ + + Nortriptyline + ++ ++ + + + Protriptyline – + ++ ++ ++ + Trimipramine +++ +++ ++ ++ + + Other antidepressants Agomelatine + – – – – – Bupropion – – + – + – Dextromethorphan/ bupropion + – + – ++ – Duloxetine (SNRI) – –* – – ++ +++ Levomilnacipran (SNRI) – –* – – ++ ++ Mianserin ++ – – – – – Mirtazapine +++ + – + + – Reboxetine + –* – + + + Trazodone +++ + + + + + Venlafaxine/ desvenlafaxine – –* + – +++ +++ SSRIs Citalopram – – + – ++ +++ Escitalopram – – + – ++ +++ (Continued)

Depression and anxiety disorders CHAPTER 3 Table 3.23  (Continued) Drug Sedation Postural hypotension Cardiac conduction disturbance Anticholinergic effects Nausea/ vomiting Sexual dysfunction Fluoxetine – – – – ++ +++ Fluvoxamine + – – – +++ +++ Paroxetine + – – + ++ +++ Sertraline – – – – ++ +++ Vilazodone – – – – + ++ Vortioxetine – + – – + + Monoamine oxidase inhibitors Isocarboxazid + ++ + ++ + + Phenelzine + + + + + + Tranylcypromine – + + + + + Reversible inhibitor of monoamine oxidase A Moclobemide – – – – + + Key: Incidence/severity: +++, high; ++, moderate; +, low; –, very low/none. * Hypertension reported.