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280 - References

References

Schizophrenia and related psychoses CHAPTER 1 NFIB rs28379954 T>C CT carriers have much lower blood concentrations than TT carriers in both smokers and non-­smokers.18 Also, the rs2472297 genotype independently predicts clozapine plasma levels.19 Levels are highest in C/C carriers and lowest in T/T carriers (C/T somewhere in between). Genetic analysis of CYP function can identify the cause of low clozapine blood concentrations and allow selection of appropriate enzyme inhibitors.20 Other adverse effects Genetic predictors of myocarditis21 and weight gain22 have also been found, but associations are probably too weak to allow clinical application.15 References

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  18. Smith RL, et al. Identification of a novel polymorphism associated with reduced clozapine concentration in schizophrenia patients: a genome-­ wide association study adjusting for smoking habits. Transl Psychiatry 2020; 10:198.
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  20. Okon-­Rocha E, et al. Genetic analysis of clozapine metabolism in a patient with subtherapeutic clozapine plasma concentrations: the importance of CYP3A5: a case report. J Clin Psychopharmacol 2022; 42:604–606.
  21. Lacaze P, et al. Genetic associations with clozapine-­induced myocarditis in patients with schizophrenia. Transl Psychiatry 2020; 10:37.
  22. Li N, et al. Progress in genetic polymorphisms related to lipid disturbances induced by atypical antipsychotic drugs. Front Pharmacol 2020; 10:1669.

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