51 T_h e ear, nose and sinuses
Acute otitis media
Acute otitis media Acute otitis media (AOM) is one of the most common child - hood illnesses wit...
Acute rhinosinusitis
Acute rhinosinusitis ARS is thought to result from bacterial superinfection of virally damaged mu...
Balance disorders
Balance disorders V ertigo is the hallucination of movement. Benign paroxysmal positional vertig...
Benign tumours
Benign tumours Simple papillomas or viral warts can grow inside the nasal vestibule. They can be...
CONDITIONS OF THE EXTERNAL EAR Congenital anomalie
CONDITIONS OF THE EXTERNAL EAR Congenital anomalies The external and middle ear originate from th...
CONDITIONS OF THE EXTERNAL EAR Congenital anomalies
CONDITIONS OF THE EXTERNAL EAR Congenital anomalies The external and middle ear originate from th...
CONDITIONS OF THE INNER EAR Congenital sensorineur
CONDITIONS OF THE INNER EAR Congenital sensorineural hearing loss Half of congenital sensorineu...
CONDITIONS OF THE INNER EAR Congenital sensorineural hearing loss
CONDITIONS OF THE INNER EAR Congenital sensorineural hearing loss Half of congenital sensorineu...
CONDITIONS OF THE MIDDLE EAR Congenital anomalies
CONDITIONS OF THE MIDDLE EAR Congenital anomalies Aural atresia and congenital anomalies of the ...
Chronic otitis media
Chronic otitis media Chronic otitis media (COM) is a persisting (at least 2 weeks to 3 months) ab...
Chronic rhinosinusitis
Chronic rhinosinusitis CRS is common, a ff ecting around 11% of the population. The aetiology is ...
EPISTAXIS
EPISTAXIS The causes of epistaxis are listed in Table 51.2 . The most common site of bleeding i...
EXAMINATION OF THE EAR
EXAMINATION OF THE EAR The instruments required for examination are shown in Figure 51.5 . Examin...
EXAMINATION OF THE NOSE AND
EXAMINATION OF THE NOSE AND EXAMINATION OF THE NOSE AND
IMAGING OF PARANASAL SINUSES
IMAGING OF PARANASAL SINUSES Plain radiographs are of limited value in the assessment of sinus d...
Introduction
INTRODUCTION Disorders a ff ecting the ear, nose and sinus are common reasons for primary care att...
Inflammation and infection
Inflammation and infection Otitis externa is very common and consists of generalised inflammation ...
Learning objectives
Learning objectives To be familiar with: The anatomy of the ear • The conditions of the outer, mi...
Malignant tumours
Malignant tumours The most common malignant tumours to occur within the nasal cavity and paranasa...
Management of epistaxis
Management of epistaxis Anterior bleeding from Kiesselbach’s plexus may be controlled by silver n...
Neoplasms
Neoplasms Exostosis is an area of hyperostosis rather than a neoplasm that arises from the bone ...
Otitis media with effusion (glue ear)
Otitis media with effusion (glue ear) Otitis media with e ff usion (OME) is a middle ear e ff usion...
Otosclerosis
Otosclerosis This is an autosomal dominant condition of variable pene - trance in which excess b...
PARANASAL SINUSES
PARANASAL SINUSES Internal inspection of the nasal fossae can be achieved to a limited extent wi...
Presbycusis
Presbycusis Presbycusis is characterised by a gradual loss of hearing in both ears, with or witho...
RHINOSINUSITIS
RHINOSINUSITIS Rhinosinusitis is inflammation of the sinonasal mucosa and is defined as the presen...
Radiological investigation
Radiological investigation Computed tomography (CT) scanning of the temporal bones is commonly p...
Septal deformity
Septal deformity Deviation of the nasal septum may occur naturally or arise as a result of nasa...
Septal injury
Septal injury A blunt injury of moderate force may lead to lateral displace - ment or deformity ...
Septal perforation
Septal perforation A hole in the nasal septum causes turbulent airflow through the nose and a resu...
Sudden sensorineural hearing loss
Sudden sensorineural hearing loss Defined as >30 /uni00A0 dB sensorineural hearing loss at three f...
THE EAR
THE EAR The mammalian ear is an evolutionary masterpiece. Its highly complex ‘three-dimensional a...
THE NOSE AND SINUSES BASIC ANATOMY OF THE NOSE AND PARANASAL SINUSES
THE NOSE AND SINUSES BASIC ANATOMY OF THE NOSE AND PARANASAL SINUSES The supporting structures of...
THE NOSE AND SINUSES BASIC ANATOMY OF THE NOSE AND
THE NOSE AND SINUSES BASIC ANATOMY OF THE NOSE AND PARANASAL SINUSES The supporting structures of...
TRAUMA TO THE NOSE AND PARANASAL SINUSES Fracture of the nasal bones
TRAUMA TO THE NOSE AND PARANASAL SINUSES Fracture of the nasal bones Blunt injury to the nose may...
TRAUMA TO THE NOSE AND PARANASAL SINUSES Fracture
TRAUMA TO THE NOSE AND PARANASAL SINUSES Fracture of the nasal bones Blunt injury to the nose may...
TUMOURS OF THE NOSE AND SINUSES
TUMOURS OF THE NOSE AND SINUSES Tumours arising in the nose or paranasal sinuses may present with...
The external ear
The external ear The external and middle ear develop from the first two branchial arches. The exte...
The inner ear
The inner ear The inner ear comprises the cochlea and vestibular labyrinth (saccule, utricle and ...
The sensory nerve supply
The sensory nerve supply The external ear is supplied by the auriculotemporal branch of the trige...
The tympanic membrane and middle ear
The tympanic membrane and middle ear The anatomy of the tympanic membrane and ossicles is shown ...
Tinnitus
Tinnitus Tinnitus is the perception of sound when no external sound source is present. It may ha...
Trauma
Trauma A haematoma of the pinna occurs when blood collects under the perichondrium. The cartilag...