GLOBAL SURGICAL METRICS AND RESEARCH

GLOBAL SURGICAL METRICS AND RESEARCH

Surgeons are familiar with vital-sign-based scoring systems for individual patients and with hospital metrics for inpatient hospital stay , surgical site infection or ventilator-associated pneumonia. Global surgery requires the addition of population-level metrics for the surgical burden of disease, which are less readily available. Household-level surveys of injury burden, vision care, cancer screening and worldwide metrics such as maternal mortality ratio and caesarean section rates are indicative of the surgical health systems in countries. Demographic surveillance systems and surveys such as the Million Death Study have been used to assess acute abdominal disorders at the national level. Most public health interventions are measured in terms of disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) averted, which calculates how much it costs to avert 1 year of su ff ering due to a disability . One-third of all deaths world wide are the result of conditions needing surgical care, and this surpasses human immunodeficiency virus, malaria and tuberculosis combined. sal access to safe, a ff ordable surgical and anaesthesia care ar e shown in Table 16.1 .

TABLE 16.1 Core indicators to monitor the realisation of universal access to safe, affordable surgical and anaesthesia care. Preparedness a Access to timely essential surgery (proportion of population within 2 hours of a facility that can perform the bellwether procedures) b Density of surgeons, anaesthetists and obstetricians working per 100 /uni00A0 000 population Surgical service a Procedures done in an operating delivery theatre, per 100 /uni00A0 000 population per year b All-cause death rate before discharge of patients who have undergone a procedure in an operating theatre, divided by the total number of procedures Affordability of Proportion of households protected surgery against impoverishment and catastrophic expenditure from direct out-of-pocket payments for surgical care

GLOBAL SURGICAL METRICS AND RESEARCH

Surgeons are familiar with vital-sign-based scoring systems for individual patients and with hospital metrics for inpatient hospital stay , surgical site infection or ventilator-associated pneumonia. Global surgery requires the addition of population-level metrics for the surgical burden of disease, which are less readily available. Household-level surveys of injury burden, vision care, cancer screening and worldwide metrics such as maternal mortality ratio and caesarean section rates are indicative of the surgical health systems in countries. Demographic surveillance systems and surveys such as the Million Death Study have been used to assess acute abdominal disorders at the national level. Most public health interventions are measured in terms of disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) averted, which calculates how much it costs to avert 1 year of su ff ering due to a disability . One-third of all deaths world wide are the result of conditions needing surgical care, and this surpasses human immunodeficiency virus, malaria and tuberculosis combined. sal access to safe, a ff ordable surgical and anaesthesia care ar e shown in Table 16.1 .

TABLE 16.1 Core indicators to monitor the realisation of universal access to safe, affordable surgical and anaesthesia care. Preparedness a Access to timely essential surgery (proportion of population within 2 hours of a facility that can perform the bellwether procedures) b Density of surgeons, anaesthetists and obstetricians working per 100 /uni00A0 000 population Surgical service a Procedures done in an operating delivery theatre, per 100 /uni00A0 000 population per year b All-cause death rate before discharge of patients who have undergone a procedure in an operating theatre, divided by the total number of procedures Affordability of Proportion of households protected surgery against impoverishment and catastrophic expenditure from direct out-of-pocket payments for surgical care

GLOBAL SURGICAL METRICS AND RESEARCH

Surgeons are familiar with vital-sign-based scoring systems for individual patients and with hospital metrics for inpatient hospital stay , surgical site infection or ventilator-associated pneumonia. Global surgery requires the addition of population-level metrics for the surgical burden of disease, which are less readily available. Household-level surveys of injury burden, vision care, cancer screening and worldwide metrics such as maternal mortality ratio and caesarean section rates are indicative of the surgical health systems in countries. Demographic surveillance systems and surveys such as the Million Death Study have been used to assess acute abdominal disorders at the national level. Most public health interventions are measured in terms of disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) averted, which calculates how much it costs to avert 1 year of su ff ering due to a disability . One-third of all deaths world wide are the result of conditions needing surgical care, and this surpasses human immunodeficiency virus, malaria and tuberculosis combined. sal access to safe, a ff ordable surgical and anaesthesia care ar e shown in Table 16.1 .

TABLE 16.1 Core indicators to monitor the realisation of universal access to safe, affordable surgical and anaesthesia care. Preparedness a Access to timely essential surgery (proportion of population within 2 hours of a facility that can perform the bellwether procedures) b Density of surgeons, anaesthetists and obstetricians working per 100 /uni00A0 000 population Surgical service a Procedures done in an operating delivery theatre, per 100 /uni00A0 000 population per year b All-cause death rate before discharge of patients who have undergone a procedure in an operating theatre, divided by the total number of procedures Affordability of Proportion of households protected surgery against impoverishment and catastrophic expenditure from direct out-of-pocket payments for surgical care