ROBOTIC SURGERY

ROBOTIC SURGERY

A robot is a mechanical device that performs automated phys - ical tasks according to direct human supervision, a predefined program or a set of general guidelines, using artificial intel - ligence (AI) technology . In surgery , robots can be used to assist surgeons to perf orm operative procedures, primarily in the form of automated camera systems and telemanipulator interface. Reduced degrees of freedom of movement and di ffi cult ergonomic positioning for the surgeon can limit the application of straight stick endoscopy to a number of special ties owing to a loss in surgical precision. This has driven the uptake of robotic surgical systems, currently existing as two main categories: /uni25CF Teleoperated (master–slave) systems: a surgeon performs an operation via a robot and its robotic instru ments through a televisual computerised platform (where the surgeon is the master, i.e. the operator, and the robot is the slave). This may be via onsite connections or remotely through the internet or other digital channels – hence the publicity of ‘operating on a patient from another country’ (such ‘remote’ operations are currently rarely performed but their existence is established). /uni25CF Active or semiactive systems: these are typically image-guided or pre-programmed. In active sys tems, a surgical robot completes a pre-programmed surgical task. This is guided by preoperative imaging and real-time anatomical constraints and cues through the application of in-built navigation systems. In semiactive systems, the robotic device may be in part pre-programmed and in part surgeon driven. ROBOTIC SURGERY

A robot is a mechanical device that performs automated phys - ical tasks according to direct human supervision, a predefined program or a set of general guidelines, using artificial intel - ligence (AI) technology . In surgery , robots can be used to assist surgeons to perf orm operative procedures, primarily in the form of automated camera systems and telemanipulator interface. Reduced degrees of freedom of movement and di ffi cult ergonomic positioning for the surgeon can limit the application of straight stick endoscopy to a number of special ties owing to a loss in surgical precision. This has driven the uptake of robotic surgical systems, currently existing as two main categories: /uni25CF Teleoperated (master–slave) systems: a surgeon performs an operation via a robot and its robotic instru ments through a televisual computerised platform (where the surgeon is the master, i.e. the operator, and the robot is the slave). This may be via onsite connections or remotely through the internet or other digital channels – hence the publicity of ‘operating on a patient from another country’ (such ‘remote’ operations are currently rarely performed but their existence is established). /uni25CF Active or semiactive systems: these are typically image-guided or pre-programmed. In active sys tems, a surgical robot completes a pre-programmed surgical task. This is guided by preoperative imaging and real-time anatomical constraints and cues through the application of in-built navigation systems. In semiactive systems, the robotic device may be in part pre-programmed and in part surgeon driven. ROBOTIC SURGERY

A robot is a mechanical device that performs automated phys - ical tasks according to direct human supervision, a predefined program or a set of general guidelines, using artificial intel - ligence (AI) technology . In surgery , robots can be used to assist surgeons to perf orm operative procedures, primarily in the form of automated camera systems and telemanipulator interface. Reduced degrees of freedom of movement and di ffi cult ergonomic positioning for the surgeon can limit the application of straight stick endoscopy to a number of special ties owing to a loss in surgical precision. This has driven the uptake of robotic surgical systems, currently existing as two main categories: /uni25CF Teleoperated (master–slave) systems: a surgeon performs an operation via a robot and its robotic instru ments through a televisual computerised platform (where the surgeon is the master, i.e. the operator, and the robot is the slave). This may be via onsite connections or remotely through the internet or other digital channels – hence the publicity of ‘operating on a patient from another country’ (such ‘remote’ operations are currently rarely performed but their existence is established). /uni25CF Active or semiactive systems: these are typically image-guided or pre-programmed. In active sys tems, a surgical robot completes a pre-programmed surgical task. This is guided by preoperative imaging and real-time anatomical constraints and cues through the application of in-built navigation systems. In semiactive systems, the robotic device may be in part pre-programmed and in part surgeon driven.