Identification of shock

Identification of shock

Three categories of shock may occur in spinal trauma /uni25CF Hypovolaemic shock . Hypotension with tachycardia and cold clammy peripheries. This is most often due to haemorrhage. It should be treated with appropriate resus - citation. /uni25CF Neurogenic shock . This presents with hypotension, a normal heart rate or bradycardia and warm peripheries. This is due to unopposed vagal tone resulting from cervical spinal cord injury at or above the level of sympathetic out - flow (T5). It should be treated with inotropic support, and care should be taken to avoid fluid overload. /uni25CF Spinal shock . Spinal shock is a temporary physiological disorganisation of spinal cord function that starts within minutes following the injury . The length of e ff ect is vari - able, but it can last 6 weeks or longer. It is characterised by paralysis, decreased tone and hyporeflexia. Once it has re - solved the bulbocavernosus reflex ( Figure 30.39 ) r eturns. -

Figure 30.39 The bulbocavernosus re /f_l ex (this can be elicited in females by traction on the Foley catheter).

The level of neurological injury is simply the most caudal neurological level with normal neurological function. Identification of shock

Three categories of shock may occur in spinal trauma /uni25CF Hypovolaemic shock . Hypotension with tachycardia and cold clammy peripheries. This is most often due to haemorrhage. It should be treated with appropriate resus - citation. /uni25CF Neurogenic shock . This presents with hypotension, a normal heart rate or bradycardia and warm peripheries. This is due to unopposed vagal tone resulting from cervical spinal cord injury at or above the level of sympathetic out - flow (T5). It should be treated with inotropic support, and care should be taken to avoid fluid overload. /uni25CF Spinal shock . Spinal shock is a temporary physiological disorganisation of spinal cord function that starts within minutes following the injury . The length of e ff ect is vari - able, but it can last 6 weeks or longer. It is characterised by paralysis, decreased tone and hyporeflexia. Once it has re - solved the bulbocavernosus reflex ( Figure 30.39 ) r eturns. -

Figure 30.39 The bulbocavernosus re /f_l ex (this can be elicited in females by traction on the Foley catheter).

The level of neurological injury is simply the most caudal neurological level with normal neurological function. Identification of shock

Three categories of shock may occur in spinal trauma /uni25CF Hypovolaemic shock . Hypotension with tachycardia and cold clammy peripheries. This is most often due to haemorrhage. It should be treated with appropriate resus - citation. /uni25CF Neurogenic shock . This presents with hypotension, a normal heart rate or bradycardia and warm peripheries. This is due to unopposed vagal tone resulting from cervical spinal cord injury at or above the level of sympathetic out - flow (T5). It should be treated with inotropic support, and care should be taken to avoid fluid overload. /uni25CF Spinal shock . Spinal shock is a temporary physiological disorganisation of spinal cord function that starts within minutes following the injury . The length of e ff ect is vari - able, but it can last 6 weeks or longer. It is characterised by paralysis, decreased tone and hyporeflexia. Once it has re - solved the bulbocavernosus reflex ( Figure 30.39 ) r eturns. -

Figure 30.39 The bulbocavernosus re /f_l ex (this can be elicited in females by traction on the Foley catheter).

The level of neurological injury is simply the most caudal neurological level with normal neurological function.