Learning objectives

Learning objectives

To describe: The anatomical, embryological and pharmacological • features of the bladder The physiology of micturition and the neurological basis of • lower urinary tract function The clinical features, investigations and principles of • management of congenital anomalies of the bladder The clinical features, investigation and principles of • management of urinary incontinence The principles of management of acute and chronic • retention of urine The indications and technique of urethral and suprapubic • bladder catheterisation The causes, investigations and principles of management • of bladder diverticula and bladder stones