Other terms

Other terms

Other specific tissue abnormalities are also detectable by microscopy . Histopathologists may use specific terms. Some examples are as follows. /uni25CF Hyperplasia: an increase in cell number. /uni25CF Hypertrophy: an increase in cell size. /uni25CF Atrophy: may refer to a reduction in cell number or cell size or a diminution in size of a structure (e.g. a duodenal villus undergoing atrophy in coeliac disease). /uni25CF Metaplasia: a change from one mature cell type to another, e.g. columnar metaplasia in the oesophagus (Barrett’s oesophagus), whereby metaplastic gastric or intestinal-type epithelium replaces normal squamous epithelium. /uni25CF Necrosis: cell or tissue death, typically because of factors external to the cell, and associated with cell swelling, Theodor Langhans , 1839–1915, Professor of Pathological Anatomy , University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland. Franz Heinrich Paul Ziehl , 1859–1926, neurologist, Lübeck, Germany . Friedrich Carl Adolf Neelsen , 1854–1894, pathologist, prosector, the Stadt-Krankenhaus, Dresden, Germany . inflammation and eventual disappearance of cells ( Figure 11.20 ). /uni25CF Apoptosis: a process of programmed cell death that occurs because of internal signals, and on histological examina - tion typically manifests as cell shrinkage and nuclear chro - matin condensation.

(b) Figure 11.20 (a) A granuloma with necrosis, suggesting tuberculosis. Multinucleate giant cells of Langhans type are also present (arrow). (b) A Ziehl–Neelsen stain (from a different case) shows numerous pink acid-fast rod-shaped bacilli, con /f_i rming mycobacterial infection.

Other terms

Other specific tissue abnormalities are also detectable by microscopy . Histopathologists may use specific terms. Some examples are as follows. /uni25CF Hyperplasia: an increase in cell number. /uni25CF Hypertrophy: an increase in cell size. /uni25CF Atrophy: may refer to a reduction in cell number or cell size or a diminution in size of a structure (e.g. a duodenal villus undergoing atrophy in coeliac disease). /uni25CF Metaplasia: a change from one mature cell type to another, e.g. columnar metaplasia in the oesophagus (Barrett’s oesophagus), whereby metaplastic gastric or intestinal-type epithelium replaces normal squamous epithelium. /uni25CF Necrosis: cell or tissue death, typically because of factors external to the cell, and associated with cell swelling, Theodor Langhans , 1839–1915, Professor of Pathological Anatomy , University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland. Franz Heinrich Paul Ziehl , 1859–1926, neurologist, Lübeck, Germany . Friedrich Carl Adolf Neelsen , 1854–1894, pathologist, prosector, the Stadt-Krankenhaus, Dresden, Germany . inflammation and eventual disappearance of cells ( Figure 11.20 ). /uni25CF Apoptosis: a process of programmed cell death that occurs because of internal signals, and on histological examina - tion typically manifests as cell shrinkage and nuclear chro - matin condensation.

(b) Figure 11.20 (a) A granuloma with necrosis, suggesting tuberculosis. Multinucleate giant cells of Langhans type are also present (arrow). (b) A Ziehl–Neelsen stain (from a different case) shows numerous pink acid-fast rod-shaped bacilli, con /f_i rming mycobacterial infection.

Other terms

Other specific tissue abnormalities are also detectable by microscopy . Histopathologists may use specific terms. Some examples are as follows. /uni25CF Hyperplasia: an increase in cell number. /uni25CF Hypertrophy: an increase in cell size. /uni25CF Atrophy: may refer to a reduction in cell number or cell size or a diminution in size of a structure (e.g. a duodenal villus undergoing atrophy in coeliac disease). /uni25CF Metaplasia: a change from one mature cell type to another, e.g. columnar metaplasia in the oesophagus (Barrett’s oesophagus), whereby metaplastic gastric or intestinal-type epithelium replaces normal squamous epithelium. /uni25CF Necrosis: cell or tissue death, typically because of factors external to the cell, and associated with cell swelling, Theodor Langhans , 1839–1915, Professor of Pathological Anatomy , University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland. Franz Heinrich Paul Ziehl , 1859–1926, neurologist, Lübeck, Germany . Friedrich Carl Adolf Neelsen , 1854–1894, pathologist, prosector, the Stadt-Krankenhaus, Dresden, Germany . inflammation and eventual disappearance of cells ( Figure 11.20 ). /uni25CF Apoptosis: a process of programmed cell death that occurs because of internal signals, and on histological examina - tion typically manifests as cell shrinkage and nuclear chro - matin condensation.

(b) Figure 11.20 (a) A granuloma with necrosis, suggesting tuberculosis. Multinucleate giant cells of Langhans type are also present (arrow). (b) A Ziehl–Neelsen stain (from a different case) shows numerous pink acid-fast rod-shaped bacilli, con /f_i rming mycobacterial infection.