PAEDIATRIC SURGICAL ONCOLOGY

PAEDIATRIC SURGICAL ONCOLOGY

Neuroblastoma and nephroblastoma are two solid abdominal tumours. Neuroblastomas arise in the adrenal medulla or sym - - pathetic ganglia and present with an abdominal or paraverte - bral mass. They metastasise to lymph nodes, bone and liver, raising urinary catecholamine levels. Small, localised tumours are excised. Advanced tumours are excised after chemother - ap y . Survival exceeds 90% for small, localised tumours but is less than 50% for advanced tumours. Wilms’ tumour (nephroblastoma) is a malignant renal tumour derived from embryonal cells and typically pre - senting with an abdominal mass between 1 and 4 years. A mutation in the Wilms’ tumour suppressor gene ( WT1 ) causes some cases. The tumour can extend into the renal vein and vena cava and metastasises to lymph nodes and lungs. Treat - ment is with chemotherapy and surgery . Survival depends on tumour spread, completeness of excision and histological appearance but exceeds 70% even with advanced tumours. PAEDIATRIC SURGICAL ONCOLOGY

Neuroblastoma and nephroblastoma are two solid abdominal tumours. Neuroblastomas arise in the adrenal medulla or sym - - pathetic ganglia and present with an abdominal or paraverte - bral mass. They metastasise to lymph nodes, bone and liver, raising urinary catecholamine levels. Small, localised tumours are excised. Advanced tumours are excised after chemother - ap y . Survival exceeds 90% for small, localised tumours but is less than 50% for advanced tumours. Wilms’ tumour (nephroblastoma) is a malignant renal tumour derived from embryonal cells and typically pre - senting with an abdominal mass between 1 and 4 years. A mutation in the Wilms’ tumour suppressor gene ( WT1 ) causes some cases. The tumour can extend into the renal vein and vena cava and metastasises to lymph nodes and lungs. Treat - ment is with chemotherapy and surgery . Survival depends on tumour spread, completeness of excision and histological appearance but exceeds 70% even with advanced tumours. PAEDIATRIC SURGICAL ONCOLOGY

Neuroblastoma and nephroblastoma are two solid abdominal tumours. Neuroblastomas arise in the adrenal medulla or sym - - pathetic ganglia and present with an abdominal or paraverte - bral mass. They metastasise to lymph nodes, bone and liver, raising urinary catecholamine levels. Small, localised tumours are excised. Advanced tumours are excised after chemother - ap y . Survival exceeds 90% for small, localised tumours but is less than 50% for advanced tumours. Wilms’ tumour (nephroblastoma) is a malignant renal tumour derived from embryonal cells and typically pre - senting with an abdominal mass between 1 and 4 years. A mutation in the Wilms’ tumour suppressor gene ( WT1 ) causes some cases. The tumour can extend into the renal vein and vena cava and metastasises to lymph nodes and lungs. Treat - ment is with chemotherapy and surgery . Survival depends on tumour spread, completeness of excision and histological appearance but exceeds 70% even with advanced tumours.