Neurological examination

Neurological examination

The American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) neurological evaluation system ( Figure 30.13 ) is an internationally accepted method of neurological evaluation. Motor function is assessed using the Medical Research Council (MRC) grading system (0–5) in key muscle groups Hans Ludwig Frankel , b. 1932, Clinical Director, The National Spinal Injuries Centre, Stoke Mandeville, UK. ( Figure 30.13 ). A motor score can then be calculated (max - imum 100). Sensory function (light touch and pin prick) is assessed using the dermatomal map ( Figure 30.13 ). A total sensory score is then calculated. Rectal examination is performed to assess anal tone, volun - tary anal contraction and perianal sensa tion. Level of neurological impairment The extent of spinal cord injury is defined by the American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) Impairment Scale (modified from the Frankel classification): /uni25CF A: complete spinal cord injury; /uni25CF B: sensation present, motor absent; /uni25CF C: sensation present, motor present but not useful (MRC grade <3/5); /uni25CF D: sensation present, motor useful (MRC grade ≥ 3/5); - /uni25CF E: normal function. Summary box 30.3 Physical examination /uni25CF /uni25CF

Figure 30.12 Spinal log roll. The ASIA neurological scoring system should be used Functional motor power is MRC grade 3/5 or higher

CLASSIFICATION OF SPINAL CORD INJURY ( ISNCSCI ) MOTOR KEY MUSCLES Neurological examination

The American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) neurological evaluation system ( Figure 30.13 ) is an internationally accepted method of neurological evaluation. Motor function is assessed using the Medical Research Council (MRC) grading system (0–5) in key muscle groups Hans Ludwig Frankel , b. 1932, Clinical Director, The National Spinal Injuries Centre, Stoke Mandeville, UK. ( Figure 30.13 ). A motor score can then be calculated (max - imum 100). Sensory function (light touch and pin prick) is assessed using the dermatomal map ( Figure 30.13 ). A total sensory score is then calculated. Rectal examination is performed to assess anal tone, volun - tary anal contraction and perianal sensa tion. Level of neurological impairment The extent of spinal cord injury is defined by the American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) Impairment Scale (modified from the Frankel classification): /uni25CF A: complete spinal cord injury; /uni25CF B: sensation present, motor absent; /uni25CF C: sensation present, motor present but not useful (MRC grade <3/5); /uni25CF D: sensation present, motor useful (MRC grade ≥ 3/5); - /uni25CF E: normal function. Summary box 30.3 Physical examination /uni25CF /uni25CF

Figure 30.12 Spinal log roll. The ASIA neurological scoring system should be used Functional motor power is MRC grade 3/5 or higher

CLASSIFICATION OF SPINAL CORD INJURY ( ISNCSCI ) MOTOR KEY MUSCLES Neurological examination

The American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) neurological evaluation system ( Figure 30.13 ) is an internationally accepted method of neurological evaluation. Motor function is assessed using the Medical Research Council (MRC) grading system (0–5) in key muscle groups Hans Ludwig Frankel , b. 1932, Clinical Director, The National Spinal Injuries Centre, Stoke Mandeville, UK. ( Figure 30.13 ). A motor score can then be calculated (max - imum 100). Sensory function (light touch and pin prick) is assessed using the dermatomal map ( Figure 30.13 ). A total sensory score is then calculated. Rectal examination is performed to assess anal tone, volun - tary anal contraction and perianal sensa tion. Level of neurological impairment The extent of spinal cord injury is defined by the American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) Impairment Scale (modified from the Frankel classification): /uni25CF A: complete spinal cord injury; /uni25CF B: sensation present, motor absent; /uni25CF C: sensation present, motor present but not useful (MRC grade <3/5); /uni25CF D: sensation present, motor useful (MRC grade ≥ 3/5); - /uni25CF E: normal function. Summary box 30.3 Physical examination /uni25CF /uni25CF

Figure 30.12 Spinal log roll. The ASIA neurological scoring system should be used Functional motor power is MRC grade 3/5 or higher

CLASSIFICATION OF SPINAL CORD INJURY ( ISNCSCI ) MOTOR KEY MUSCLES