Histopathological diagnosis

Histopathological diagnosis

Deep biopsy is obtained under general or regional anaesthesia, although the chance of local spread is high. The biopsy should be adequate, contain grains and should be fixed immediately in 10% formal saline. Three types of host tissue reaction occur against the organism. Theodor Langhans , 1839–1915, Professor of Pathological Anatomy , University of Berne, Switzerland. polymorphonuclear leukocytes. The innermost neutro - phils are closely attached to the surface of the grain, some - times invading the grain and causing its fragmentation. The hyphae and cement substance disappear and only remnants of brown pigmented cement are left behind. Outside the zone of neutrophils there is granulation tissue containing macrophages , lymphocytes, plasma cells and few neutrophils. The mononuclear cells increase in num - ber towards the periphery of the lesion. The outermost zone of the lesion consists of fibrous tissue. /uni25CF Type II: the neutrophils largely disappear and are re - placed by macrophages and multinucleated giant cells that engulf the grain material. This consists largely of pigment - ed cement substance although hyphae are sometimes iden - tified. /uni25CF Type III: this is characterised by the formation of a well-organised epithelioid granuloma with Langhans-type giant cells. The centre of the granuloma will sometimes contain remnants of fungal material. Histopathological diagnosis

Deep biopsy is obtained under general or regional anaesthesia, although the chance of local spread is high. The biopsy should be adequate, contain grains and should be fixed immediately in 10% formal saline. Three types of host tissue reaction occur against the organism. Theodor Langhans , 1839–1915, Professor of Pathological Anatomy , University of Berne, Switzerland. polymorphonuclear leukocytes. The innermost neutro - phils are closely attached to the surface of the grain, some - times invading the grain and causing its fragmentation. The hyphae and cement substance disappear and only remnants of brown pigmented cement are left behind. Outside the zone of neutrophils there is granulation tissue containing macrophages , lymphocytes, plasma cells and few neutrophils. The mononuclear cells increase in num - ber towards the periphery of the lesion. The outermost zone of the lesion consists of fibrous tissue. /uni25CF Type II: the neutrophils largely disappear and are re - placed by macrophages and multinucleated giant cells that engulf the grain material. This consists largely of pigment - ed cement substance although hyphae are sometimes iden - tified. /uni25CF Type III: this is characterised by the formation of a well-organised epithelioid granuloma with Langhans-type giant cells. The centre of the granuloma will sometimes contain remnants of fungal material. Histopathological diagnosis

Deep biopsy is obtained under general or regional anaesthesia, although the chance of local spread is high. The biopsy should be adequate, contain grains and should be fixed immediately in 10% formal saline. Three types of host tissue reaction occur against the organism. Theodor Langhans , 1839–1915, Professor of Pathological Anatomy , University of Berne, Switzerland. polymorphonuclear leukocytes. The innermost neutro - phils are closely attached to the surface of the grain, some - times invading the grain and causing its fragmentation. The hyphae and cement substance disappear and only remnants of brown pigmented cement are left behind. Outside the zone of neutrophils there is granulation tissue containing macrophages , lymphocytes, plasma cells and few neutrophils. The mononuclear cells increase in num - ber towards the periphery of the lesion. The outermost zone of the lesion consists of fibrous tissue. /uni25CF Type II: the neutrophils largely disappear and are re - placed by macrophages and multinucleated giant cells that engulf the grain material. This consists largely of pigment - ed cement substance although hyphae are sometimes iden - tified. /uni25CF Type III: this is characterised by the formation of a well-organised epithelioid granuloma with Langhans-type giant cells. The centre of the granuloma will sometimes contain remnants of fungal material.