Classification

Classification

Pelvic ring fractures can be classified into three types, using - the Tile classification (for subtypes and other classifica - tions see Further reading ), based on the severity of the fracture (and reflecting the energy required to cause it) ( Figure 29.11 ). Ho wever, no fracture pattern can exclude significant haemorrhage. Type A are the most common fractures and are completely stable. They result from lateral compression, which causes compression fractures of the pubic rami or compression frac ture of the sacrum posteriorly . Type B These fractures are partially stable, and there is disruption of the anterior pelvis and partial disruption of the posterior pelvis. The pelvis can open and close ‘like a book’, but because the sacroiliac ligaments remain intact there is no vertical displacement. Internal or external stabilisation is required. Blood loss can be significant. Type C This fracture is completely unstable. Both the anterior pelvis and the entire posterior pelvic complexes are disrupted and the disrupted pelvic bones are free to displace horizontally and vertically . In both type B and type C pelvic injuries, there is a high risk of associated abdominal injuries (bowel perforation or mesenteric laceration) and rupture of the diaphragm. Classification

Pelvic ring fractures can be classified into three types, using - the Tile classification (for subtypes and other classifica - tions see Further reading ), based on the severity of the fracture (and reflecting the energy required to cause it) ( Figure 29.11 ). Ho wever, no fracture pattern can exclude significant haemorrhage. Type A are the most common fractures and are completely stable. They result from lateral compression, which causes compression fractures of the pubic rami or compression frac ture of the sacrum posteriorly . Type B These fractures are partially stable, and there is disruption of the anterior pelvis and partial disruption of the posterior pelvis. The pelvis can open and close ‘like a book’, but because the sacroiliac ligaments remain intact there is no vertical displacement. Internal or external stabilisation is required. Blood loss can be significant. Type C This fracture is completely unstable. Both the anterior pelvis and the entire posterior pelvic complexes are disrupted and the disrupted pelvic bones are free to displace horizontally and vertically . In both type B and type C pelvic injuries, there is a high risk of associated abdominal injuries (bowel perforation or mesenteric laceration) and rupture of the diaphragm. Classification

Pelvic ring fractures can be classified into three types, using - the Tile classification (for subtypes and other classifica - tions see Further reading ), based on the severity of the fracture (and reflecting the energy required to cause it) ( Figure 29.11 ). Ho wever, no fracture pattern can exclude significant haemorrhage. Type A are the most common fractures and are completely stable. They result from lateral compression, which causes compression fractures of the pubic rami or compression frac ture of the sacrum posteriorly . Type B These fractures are partially stable, and there is disruption of the anterior pelvis and partial disruption of the posterior pelvis. The pelvis can open and close ‘like a book’, but because the sacroiliac ligaments remain intact there is no vertical displacement. Internal or external stabilisation is required. Blood loss can be significant. Type C This fracture is completely unstable. Both the anterior pelvis and the entire posterior pelvic complexes are disrupted and the disrupted pelvic bones are free to displace horizontally and vertically . In both type B and type C pelvic injuries, there is a high risk of associated abdominal injuries (bowel perforation or mesenteric laceration) and rupture of the diaphragm.