Ventilation during anaesthesia

Ventilation during anaesthesia

Mechanical ventilation is required when the patient’s spon taneous ventilation is inadequate or when the patient is not breathing because of the e ff ects of the anaesthetic, analgesic agents or muscle relaxants. In volume control ventilation, a preset volume is deliver by the machine irrespective of the airway pressure. The pres sure generated will be, in part, dependent on the r esistance and compliance of the airway . In laparoscopic surgery requir ing the Trendelenbur g position (the patient is positioned head down), morbidly obese patients and those with lung disease, this may result in excessive pressures being developed, which ma y lead to barotrauma (pneumothorax). In pressure control mode the ventilator generates flow until a preset pressure is reached. The actual tidal volume delivered is variable and depends on airway resistance, intra-abdominal pressure and the deg ree of relaxation. Positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) is often applied to help maintain functional residual capacity . This avoids lung collapse by opening collapsed alveoli and maintains a greater area of gas exchange, so r educing vascular shunting. Ventilation during anaesthesia

Mechanical ventilation is required when the patient’s spon taneous ventilation is inadequate or when the patient is not breathing because of the e ff ects of the anaesthetic, analgesic agents or muscle relaxants. In volume control ventilation, a preset volume is deliver by the machine irrespective of the airway pressure. The pres sure generated will be, in part, dependent on the r esistance and compliance of the airway . In laparoscopic surgery requir ing the Trendelenbur g position (the patient is positioned head down), morbidly obese patients and those with lung disease, this may result in excessive pressures being developed, which ma y lead to barotrauma (pneumothorax). In pressure control mode the ventilator generates flow until a preset pressure is reached. The actual tidal volume delivered is variable and depends on airway resistance, intra-abdominal pressure and the deg ree of relaxation. Positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) is often applied to help maintain functional residual capacity . This avoids lung collapse by opening collapsed alveoli and maintains a greater area of gas exchange, so r educing vascular shunting. Ventilation during anaesthesia

Mechanical ventilation is required when the patient’s spon taneous ventilation is inadequate or when the patient is not breathing because of the e ff ects of the anaesthetic, analgesic agents or muscle relaxants. In volume control ventilation, a preset volume is deliver by the machine irrespective of the airway pressure. The pres sure generated will be, in part, dependent on the r esistance and compliance of the airway . In laparoscopic surgery requir ing the Trendelenbur g position (the patient is positioned head down), morbidly obese patients and those with lung disease, this may result in excessive pressures being developed, which ma y lead to barotrauma (pneumothorax). In pressure control mode the ventilator generates flow until a preset pressure is reached. The actual tidal volume delivered is variable and depends on airway resistance, intra-abdominal pressure and the deg ree of relaxation. Positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) is often applied to help maintain functional residual capacity . This avoids lung collapse by opening collapsed alveoli and maintains a greater area of gas exchange, so r educing vascular shunting.