AUTOPSY

AUTOPSY

In the past, autopsies (postmortems) allowed physicians and scientists to improve their knowledge of the human body and various diseases. The main reason for an autopsy is to confirm the cause of death, but autopsies remain very useful for medical education and audit. In the UK there are two main types. The first is the coroner’s autopsy , when the coroner decides that there is a legal requirement to establish the cause of death, e.g. unexpected death or death during surgery or soon afterwards. Consent from relatives is not necessary . The second type is the hospital autopsy , which requires relatives’ consent. For various reasons hospital autopsies are considerably less common than in the past. in situ

Methodology for assessment IHC See Summary box 11.17 PCR NGS Ampli /f_i cation predicts response to anti-HER2 IHC therapy, e.g. trastuzumab, pertuzumab FISH/CISH NGS Predicts response to immune checkpoint IHC inhibitors (not required for melanoma) Predicts response to tyrosine kinase inhibitors PCR NGS Predicts response to anti-BRAF therapy PCR Prognosis NGS Predicts resistance to EGFR inhibitors PCR NGS Predicts response to tyrosine kinase inhibitors NGS Predicts response to tyrosine kinase inhibitors IHC screen FISH NGS Predicts response to tyrosine kinase inhibitors NGS Predicts response to immune checkpoint NGS inhibitors hybridisation; IHC, immunohistochemistry;

AUTOPSY

In the past, autopsies (postmortems) allowed physicians and scientists to improve their knowledge of the human body and various diseases. The main reason for an autopsy is to confirm the cause of death, but autopsies remain very useful for medical education and audit. In the UK there are two main types. The first is the coroner’s autopsy , when the coroner decides that there is a legal requirement to establish the cause of death, e.g. unexpected death or death during surgery or soon afterwards. Consent from relatives is not necessary . The second type is the hospital autopsy , which requires relatives’ consent. For various reasons hospital autopsies are considerably less common than in the past. in situ

Methodology for assessment IHC See Summary box 11.17 PCR NGS Ampli /f_i cation predicts response to anti-HER2 IHC therapy, e.g. trastuzumab, pertuzumab FISH/CISH NGS Predicts response to immune checkpoint IHC inhibitors (not required for melanoma) Predicts response to tyrosine kinase inhibitors PCR NGS Predicts response to anti-BRAF therapy PCR Prognosis NGS Predicts resistance to EGFR inhibitors PCR NGS Predicts response to tyrosine kinase inhibitors NGS Predicts response to tyrosine kinase inhibitors IHC screen FISH NGS Predicts response to tyrosine kinase inhibitors NGS Predicts response to immune checkpoint NGS inhibitors hybridisation; IHC, immunohistochemistry;

AUTOPSY

In the past, autopsies (postmortems) allowed physicians and scientists to improve their knowledge of the human body and various diseases. The main reason for an autopsy is to confirm the cause of death, but autopsies remain very useful for medical education and audit. In the UK there are two main types. The first is the coroner’s autopsy , when the coroner decides that there is a legal requirement to establish the cause of death, e.g. unexpected death or death during surgery or soon afterwards. Consent from relatives is not necessary . The second type is the hospital autopsy , which requires relatives’ consent. For various reasons hospital autopsies are considerably less common than in the past. in situ

Methodology for assessment IHC See Summary box 11.17 PCR NGS Ampli /f_i cation predicts response to anti-HER2 IHC therapy, e.g. trastuzumab, pertuzumab FISH/CISH NGS Predicts response to immune checkpoint IHC inhibitors (not required for melanoma) Predicts response to tyrosine kinase inhibitors PCR NGS Predicts response to anti-BRAF therapy PCR Prognosis NGS Predicts resistance to EGFR inhibitors PCR NGS Predicts response to tyrosine kinase inhibitors NGS Predicts response to tyrosine kinase inhibitors IHC screen FISH NGS Predicts response to tyrosine kinase inhibitors NGS Predicts response to immune checkpoint NGS inhibitors hybridisation; IHC, immunohistochemistry;